Which amendment protects the right of inmates regarding excessive punishment?

The Eighth Amendment is crucial for protecting the rights of inmates in relation to excessive punishment. This amendment establishes that "cruel and unusual punishments" shall not be inflicted, which is specifically designed to prevent inhumane treatment within the penal system. It emphasizes that punishments should be proportional to the crime committed and lays the groundwork for ensuring that the dignity of inmates is upheld, even while serving their sentences.

The principle of proportionality is fundamental, meaning that penalties should not be more severe than is necessary to achieve the goals of the penal system, such as deterrence, rehabilitation, and retribution. This legal framework has led to significant court cases interpreting and enforcing these protections, contributing to the broader aim of creating a humane corrections environment.